A framework for the adoption and diffusion of Personal Learning Environments in commercial organisations: an exploratory study in the learning and development sector in the UK

This study presents an exploratory approach to identify the main factors of Personal Learning Environment (PLE) adoption and diffusion within commercial organisations. Utilising an inductive investigative approach via the use of Grounded Theory methodology, relevant adoption factors were identified and their resulting influence during various stages of the innovation diffusion process were proposed. Data was collected using semi-structured interviews followed by systematic analysis using a three-staged coding process. The results revealed 10 factors affecting the adoption of PLEs influencing the innovation diffusion process at various stages. Informed by the Technology Acceptance Model and Innovation Diffusion Theory, the proposed model could have important implications for key decision makers within commercial organisations, while adopting, rejecting and assimilating new technological innovations (e.g. PLE) for learning delivery

Personal Learning Environments in a Global Higher Engineering Education Web 2.0 Realm

This paper presents investigations on formal and informal requirements for personal learning environments taking into account students’ personal and social learning practices. The potential of global Web 2.0 educational service bundles and informal learning communities, as well as their recommendation by educators are addressed. A scenario showing how these new paradigms can be integrated in engineering education as a way to bring together personal and social learning practices is drawn

Loneliness and social networks of older adults in rural communities: a narrative synthesis systematic review

Introduction: Loneliness has significant impacts on the health of older adults. Social networks help to improve psychosocial and quality of life outcomes among older adults. A fifth of older adults live in rural communities, where geographic isolation poses challenges to health. The dynamics of social networks of older adults in rural communities has not been explored. Objective: To synthesize the literature related to loneliness and social networks of older adults in rural settings. Methods: A mixed-methods systematic review was conducted through searching six bibliographic databases to retrieve peer-reviewed literature with no time limits. We performed a methodological assessment of each study using a mixed method quality assessment tool. Findings are synthesized thematically. Results: A total of 50 studies (32 quantitative, 15 qualitative, and 3 mixed methods) were included in this review. Studies were conducted in 17 different countries, the majority from China (n = 12), the UK (n = 9), and USA (n = 9). Findings revealed that social networks of older adults consist of family, friends and neighbors and continue to be developed through participation in various physical and social activities such as walking groups and participation in religious events. Social networks offer informational, functional, psychological and social support to older adults. Through their social networks, older adults feel socially connected and cared for. Successful interventions to improve social networks and address loneliness were those developed in groups or one-on-one with the older adults. The key ingredient to the positive impact of these interventions on reducing social isolation and loneliness was the formation of a social connection and regular engagement with the older adults. However, the review did not find any explicitly reported theory or model on which these interventions are based. Conclusion: The prevalence of loneliness among older adults in rural areas needs urgent attention. Social network theory and methods can help in developing interventions to address social isolation and loneliness among older adults in rural communities

Speech Therapy in the Treatment of Globus Pharyngeus: Development of a Mobile Application to Improve Patient Access

Introduction: Globus pharyngeus is a well-known disorder accounting for 3-4% of ENT referrals. Various treatment strategies have been proposed for this condition, including speech and language therapy. The aim of this article is to highlight the evidence-based approach to the development of a mobile application to improve patient access to speech therapy as a treatment for globus pharyngeus. Patients and Methods: A literature search was performed to identify articles exploring the use of speech therapy as a management option for this disorder. A survey of speech and language therapists (SLT) in the UK to determine patient access to this treatment and their views on the development of a mobile application is also described. Results: Four studies were identified, including one randomised controlled study. All articles demonstrate a significant improvement in symptoms following the use of speech therapy. SLTs from 27 departments responded to the survey. The globus pharyngeus patient workload was variable and in excess of 1000 patients per year in some departments. Most respondents supported the development of a mobile application for speech therapy for use by globus pharyngeus patients. Conclusion: Speech therapy is an effective treatment for globus pharyngeus patients. Speech therapy is not available in all NHS Trusts in England and some SLT departments have a high workload. Alternative methods for the delivery of this effective treatment should be considered including the use of mobile applications. It is important to rule out the possibility of upper aerodigestive tract malignancy before referring a patient for speech therapy

Personal learning environments in a global higher engineering education Web 2.0 realm

Abstract—This paper presents investigations on formal and informal requirements for personal learning environments taking into account students ’ personal and social learning practices. The potential of global Web 2.0 educational service bundles and informal learning communities, as well as their recommendation by educators are addressed. A scenario showing how these new paradigms can be integrated in engineering education as a way to bring together personal and social learning practices is drawn

Attitudes Toward Personal Health Data Sharing Among People Living With Sickle Cell Disorder, Exemplar for Study of Rare Disease Populations

Purpose: Rare conditions are often poorly understood, creating barriers in determining the value treatments can provide. This study explored barriers and facilitators to personal health data sharing among those with one particular group of rare hematologic disorders, ie, sickle cell disorder (SCD) and its variants. Methods: A single online focus group among those \u3e 18 years of age and living with SCD was conducted. Participants (N = 25) were recruited through a United Kingdom-based SCD charity. Discussions were transcribed verbatim, with data therein analyzed using inductive thematic analysis. Results: Five primary motivators for sharing health data were identified: improving awareness; knowing this would help others; evidencing impact; financial incentives; and being recognized as “experts with lived experience” rather than “specimens to be studied.” Barriers included lack of clarity regarding “why” data was sought and “who” benefited. Participants stated that electronic health record (EHR) and genetic data were often “too detailed” and therefore “off limits” for sharing. However, experiences, mindset, and well-being data, often hidden from the EHR, were acceptable to share and considered a better barometer of how rare conditions treat patients day-to-day. Conclusions: Utilizing patient experience data obtained under real-world conditions is key to painting the most accurate picture of needs and understanding how SCD impacts patients’ day-to-day lives. Study findings suggest that patients with SCD are not merely passive providers of health data, but rather experts by experience. To appreciate the value that patient perspectives bring, we must revisit this status quo, amending our approach to patient centricity and reframing patients as high-value managers of their condition and personal health data who crucially decide what, how, and when they share it

Interpreting multisource feedback: online study of consensus and variation among GP appraisers

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from the Royal College of General Practitioners via the DOI in this record.BACKGROUND: GPs collect multisource feedback (MSF) about their professional practice and discuss it at appraisal. Appraisers use such information to identify concerns about a doctor's performance, and to guide the doctor's professional development plan (PDP). AIM: To investigate whether GP appraisers detect variation in doctors' MSF results, and the degree of consensus in appraisers' interpretations of this information. DESIGN AND SETTING: Online study of GP appraisers in north-east England. METHOD: GP appraisers were invited to review eight anonymised doctors' MSF reports, which represented different patterns of scores on the UK General Medical Council's Patient and Colleague Questionnaires. Participants provided a structured assessment of each doctor's report, and recommended actions for their PDP. Appraiser ratings of each report were summarised descriptively. An 'agreement score' was calculated for each appraiser to determine whether their assessments were more lenient than those of other participants. RESULTS: At least one report was assessed by 101/146 appraisers (69%). The pattern of appraisers' ratings suggested that they could detect variation in GPs' MSF results, and recommend reasonable actions for the doctors' PDP. Increasing appraiser age was associated with more favourable interpretations of MSF results. CONCLUSION: Although preliminary, the finding of broad consensus among GP appraisers in their assessment of MSF reports should be reassuring for GPs, appraisers, and employing organisations. However, if older appraisers are more lenient than younger appraisers in their interpretation of MSF and in the actions they suggest to their appraisees as a result, organisations need to consider what steps could be taken to address such differences.The work was supported by a research grant from the General Medical Council (GMC) and funds allocated by Health Education North East for appraiser training

Implementing smart speakers for care home residents across a region: uses, benefits and barriers

Background: Smart speakers to improve wellbeing had been trialled in social care by others but we were not aware of any implementation in a majority of care homes across a region. For widespread adoption of new technology, it has to be locally demonstrable and become normalised. Objective: For 150 (two thirds) care homes in one rural and coastal region to install smart speakers and to explore if and how devices were used, barriers to implementation, and potential benefits. Methods: Email, workshops, drop-in sessions, phone, and cold calling was used to contact all 230 care homes, offering a free smart speaker and some advisory support. Care homes accepting devices were asked to complete a feedback diary. Non-response rate for diary completion was high, and was thus supplemented with a telephone survey. Results: It took 7 months to install 156 devices in 92 care homes for older people, 50 for people with physical or mental health needs and eight others. Devices were used mainly for music but also for poetry, recipes, controlling lights, jokes, and video calls. Care home managers reported benefits for residents including enhanced engagement with home activities, enjoyment, calming effects, and acquisition of new skills. Implementation problems included internet connectivity, staff capacity and skills. Conclusions: Affordable consumer devices, such as smart speakers, should be installed in all care homes to benefit residents. Voice-activated technologies are easy to use and promote interaction. This study indicates that implementation in care homes was possible and that smart speakers had multifaceted benefit for residents and staff. Most care homes in this region now use smart speakers for residents therefore normalising this practice

Towards Responsive Open Learning Environments: the ROLE Interoperability framework

In recent years, research on mash-up technologies for learning environments has gained interest. The overall goal is to enrich or replace traditional learning management systems (LMS) with mash-ups of widgets and services that can be easily combined and configured to fit the learner needs. This paper presents the implemented prototype of the ROLE interoperability framework and a business and an educational case study. The framework provides a common technical infrastructure to assemble widgets and services in Personal Learning Environments (PLEs). Evaluation results indicate that the perceived usefulness and usability is high for one case study in which a mature LMS was enriched with ROLE technology. In the second case study, an early mash-up prototype was deployed. The usefulness and usability of this early prototype were rated low, but the case study provides interesting insights for further research and development.status: publishe